When diagnosing a possible knee sprain or strain, your doctor will ask about how the pain started, including whether the pain started immediately following in injury, or developed gradually over time.
Severe sprains may require additional measures such as surgery to repair the damaged tissues. Call your doctor if you are unable to walk due to knee pain, if you are unable to move the knee, or if you have extreme pain or swelling in the area.
Knee Strain or Sprain. Strains often result from overuse or a sudden increase in pressure on the joint, while sprains often result from falls or collisions during contact sports other physical activities.
The ligament affected depends on the direction your leg is pulled. Knee sprains often happen during activities like sports, where direct force or a sudden movement occurs. To determine if you have a knee sprain, your Raleigh Orthopaedic sports medicine physician will ask you for a complete medical history, have you describe your symptoms and how the knee injury occurred and conduct a physical examination.
An X-ray or MRI may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and determine if there are other problems. There are several treatment options for a knee sprain. An ACL tear is the most likely ligament to need surgery. If surgery is necessary, it will be done arthroscopically, which means there will be a few small incisions made and it will usually take place at Raleigh Orthopaedic Surgery Center as an outpatient surgical procedure.
Rehabilitation varies based on the injured ligament and how it is treated. The most important part of the healing process is getting you back to normal before resuming activities.
Lining the knee joint on top of the shin bone tibia are two specially designed, crescent-shaped pieces of extra thick rubbery cartilage, known as the meniscus.
They provide cushioning for the joint and allow the knee to move to smoothly. When the knee twists too far, one or more of the ligaments may be placed under too much tension and as a result over-stretch. This is known as a knee sprain. There are three different grades of sprain depending on the severity of the injury.
Grade 1: None, or very few of the ligaments fibres are actually torn, they have just been over-stretched Grade 2: Some of the fibres have been torn but the ligament is still intact Grade 3: The entire ligament has torn, aka complete rupture.
The medial and lateral collateral ligaments sit on the sides of the knee joint, the medial collateral ligament on the inner side closest to the other knee and the lateral collateral ligament on the outer side of the knee.
The cruciate ligaments control how much the knee bones glide forwards and backwards so are often overstretched with a twisted knee. The ACL is the most common knee ligament injury. The medial collateral is more commonly injured and tends to happen when there is a force through the outer side of the knee which pushes the knee inwards over the foot.
Lateral collateral ligament damage occurs when there is a force through the inside of the knee pushing it outwards and therefore placing a strain on the outer side of the knee, overstretching the ligament. Injuries to the lateral knee ligaments are less common as the other leg provides a barrier thus protecting from this type of injury.
An over twisted knee is the most common cause of ACL damage, usually from changing direction or pivoting quickly when running.
It can also be damaged during sporting tackles where the foot is stuck to the floor and the shin bone is pushed inwards or backwards too far. The classic signs of an ACL knee ligament injury are immediate pain, swelling within a few hours , an audible pop and the knee giving way.
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