Most producers i. Interrelationship Between Processes. Photosynthesis and cell respiration both involve the production of chemical energy ATP. In both cases, the production of ATP involves an electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Comparison of ATP Production. Photosynthesis and cell respiration are in many respects the reverse of one another. Differences Between Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration. Brent Cornell. Cell Introduction 2. Cell Structure 3. Membrane Structure 4. Membrane Transport 5. Origin of Cells 6.
Cell Division 2: Molecular Biology 1. Metabolic Molecules 2. Water 3. Protein 5. Enzymes 6. The light-dependent reactions make up the first few steps of photosynthesis. These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts within plant cells.
The goal of this series of reactions is to convert photons, or light energy from the sun , into chemical energy. During the light-dependent reactions, the plant absorbs sunlight, breaks down water molecules, assembles the energy-storing molecules ATP and NADPH the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, or NADP , and releases oxygen as a waste product.
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis go a little something like this. Sunlight hits a chlorophyll molecule in one of the thylakoid membranes, exciting an electron, which leaves the chlorophyll molecule.
Carrier proteins move this electron along the thylakoid membrane. Chlorophyll is a pigment—a light-capturing molecule—that absorbs light from the sun. See those little stacks inside the chloroplast?
Those are stacks of thylakoids, called grana sing. The thylakoid membranes are located within the chloroplasts of plant cells. Image from Visible Biology. The chlorophyll molecule—specifically chlorophyll a, in this case—is part of a complex called photosystem II.
This vacuum is powerful enough that photosystem II splits a water molecule to restore the electron. Humans can't split water in a lab the same way plants can, so the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are truly remarkable and unique!
Plants primarily get water from the soil. In vascular plants, tissue called xylem brings water from the roots to the leaves the main site of photosynthesis. Vascular tissues are located at the center of dicot roots.
Water molecules are composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. After a water molecule is broken down, its hydrogen ions are used to create ATP. The oxygen atom from each disassembled water molecule joins up with another to form O 2 oxygen gas , which is released as a waste product through openings in the leaves called stomata. Stomata can be found on the upper and lower surfaces of monocot leaves. The electron that has been moving along the thylakoid membrane eventually arrives at another chlorophyll-containing protein complex called photosystem I.
At this point, it joins forces with another excited electron. Once the light-dependent reactions are complete, energy from sunlight has successfully been converted into chemical energy, which will be used in the next series of steps in photosynthesis—the light-independent reactions—to assemble sugar molecules. An enzyme called RuBisCo combines a molecule of carbon dioxide with a molecule called ribulose biphosphate RubP , which contains five carbon atoms.
The result is a 6-carbon molecule, which is broken down into two 3-carbon molecules 3-phosphoglycerate. Two molecules of G3P are used to make one molecule of glucose which, if you recall, has six carbon atoms. Two of these are used to produce a molecule of glucose and the rest are recycled back into RubP, so the cycle can continue. Humans, like other animals, are heterotrophs. Cellular respiration is the process that breaks down glucose and produces ATP a form of stored energy that cells use to carry out essential processes.
In organisms that carry out aerobic cellular respiration—that is, cellular respiration that uses oxygen—there are three main steps involved in breaking down glucose to produce ATP: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain ETC.
The first phase of cellular respiration, glycolysis, is the initial breakdown of glucose into pyruvate—one molecule of glucose produces two molecules of pyruvate. Skip to content Home Physics What characteristics do photosynthesis and cellular respiration have in common?
Ben Davis December 9, What characteristics do photosynthesis and cellular respiration have in common? What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration simple? What role does oxygen play in the electron transport chain quizlet? What is the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain quizlet?
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