And he had no wish also, because he was personally rather pious. But by , Henry had a big problem: His first marriage, to Catherine of Aragon, had failed to produce a son and male heir to the throne. In June , the heavily pregnant Anne Boleyn was crowned queen of England in a lavish ceremony. Anne Boleyn, of course, would fail to produce the desired son although she gave birth to a daughter who would become Elizabeth I , and by , Henry had fallen for another lady-in-waiting, Jane Seymour.
Edward Hall, who wrote about the speech, stated that it was made with great passion. There is little doubt that Cardinal Wolsey gave Henry assurances that an annulment was simply a matter of course. It is conveniently easy to imagine the scene of Wolsey convincing Henry that as he had contacts in Rome, what the king wanted would be easy to attain. Wolsey was certain that the Pope would annul the marriage as he was in a vulnerable position and needed the support of every Christian monarch — especially as the advance of the Muslim Turks in the Mediterranean was unpredictable and highly threatening.
Neither got what they expected. There was no quick fix and the most immediate result of this was the end of the influence of Cardinal Wolsey who was ordered to leave London and live in much lesser circumstances in York where he was the archbishop.
The approach in Rome was to give the matter a great deal of theological thought, which explained the delay. The key was dissecting what Leviticus had actually written. As Arthur was dead, this was not an issue and certainly did not condemn Henry to eternal damnation by going against the will of God.
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A questionnaire was drawn up. It ranged from the biologically precise to the absurd. Was there blood on the marital sheets? Did Arthur look impotent? Answers were to be sent on to Rome where, in another victory for Catherine, the case had been moved before the Blackfriars court could reach a verdict.
Catherine won and lost her case. She won because Rome declared her marriage safe.
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